Descartes was the father of modern science. His vision of mind-body dualism (known as Cartesian dualism) led the foundation of science, which is based upon a dualistic conception of observer and observed. Descartes was a rationalist who did thought experiment to reach at the conclusion that Mind, Body (external nature), and God exist. Because no finite being could possibly exist without infinite reality. Newton went further and ensured to displace God from the realm of natural cosmic reality. But the central proposition of mind-body dualism remained as the foundation of modern science. Francis Bacon claimed that "we must put nature to rack to compel it to answer our questions". Here "We" denotes the reality of a rational mind, which is not subjected to the law of cosmos. Cosmos is a machine for Descartes, which is governed by mechanical law. On the contrary, mind is free from the bondage of mechanical law. It has freedom of will in Kantian systems of ethics. Because...
There is something in everything and everything in something.